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The Evolution of an Innovative Heart Disease Management Program for Older Women: Integrating Quantitative and Qualitative Methods in Practice

Department of Health Behavior and Health Education in the School of Public Health at the University of Michigan

Nancy K. Janz, PhD, RN

Department of Health Behavior and Health Education in the School of Public Health at the University of Michigan

Noreen M. Clark, PhD

School of Public Health at the University of Michigan

Few studies in the literature describe how to combine quantitative and qualitative methods to enhance the development of health education interventions. This article describes the evolution and refinement of an innovative disease management program "take PRIDE" for older adults with heart disease. Over 15 years, information obtained from data collection methods including telephone interviews, focus groups, face-to-face interviews, and program process data illuminated and guided subsequent refinement of the program and led to new iterations for different participants. Qualitative and quantitative data were incorporated into the two key areas of program development (theoretical framework, objectives, format, and content) and evaluation (evaluation design, sampling, and measurement). Combining both types of data enhanced the opportunity to detect needed program changes, to increase understanding of the mechanisms by which the program effects were produced, and to enhance the relevance of the program to different groups of program participants.

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